1869

Jan

William R. Albright comes in as Mayor of Graham around this time David H. Kerr called him a "violent, overbearing man in his manners."

Senate Outrage Report, 78, 340 (quote).

1869

Jan 13

SC votes to lend its name & credit to Greenville & Columbia rr

kkk, v.3, 811.

1869

Jan 30

House passes 15th amendment, sends it to Senate

Edward McPherson, "Pol Hist of t US of A during the period of Recon..."(1871), 399.

1869

Feb

Klan, 75 or 100 strong, raids Graham. Leaves written notices on porch of Mr. Harden and Major Badham telling them if they did not cease trying to prosecute the Klan, they would be "waited on" by the Klan. William R. Albright, as mayor and under the advice of the commissioners, he has a guard for the town. Klan is angry because some of the guard are black men. Holden appoints WR Albright magistrate. He issues warrants, Peter Harden and others.

Senate Outrage Report, 78.

1869

Feb 2

NC Code Commission (created by NC constit of 1868) drafts bill for Genl Assembly to allow gov Holden to select and pay detectives b/c they believe that 'the Executive arm should be strengthened'. designed to suppress the Klan

Massengill, "Detectivs of ww holden" NCHR 62 (oct85)452

1869

before Feb 17

Stockholders visit NCRR. workshop has 150 employees, "80 white and 70 colored" 527 men in all.

NC Std, 17 feb 1869

1869

Feb 19

Gov. Holden of NC given "unlimited power to appoint and pay spies"

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

Feb 24

Morrill Tariff act enacted by Congress

Schlesinger, 312

1869

Feb 26

15th amendment passes both houses: States cant abridge right of citizens on acct of race, color or prev. condition of servitude. Cong. can enforce. passed 1 yr later.

Schlesinger, 312

1869

Feb

construction begins on Georgia Air Line. completed to Gainesville (55 miles) on May 1871.

Russell, 133

1869

before Mar 4

(NC?) Supreme Court determines that state constitution requires that testimony of blacks must be allowed the same as whites.

Greensboro Patriot, 4 Mar. 1869

1869

Mar 4

US Grant inaugurated

McFeely, Grant, 286.

1869

Feb or Mar

Group of 30-40 klansmen ride through the town of Graham, NC about 12 months before Outlaw’s murder. Between 10 and 11 at night.

Trial of Holden, 625.

1869

Between Mar 20 (early spring) and March 30

Joseph Harvey, Caswell Holt, & Squire Alston attacked by kkk in Alamance county, NC

42d cong, 1st sess, rpt 1"Condn. of affairs" 32-4. NC Std, 31 mar 1869.

1869

March 24

Jo Holden & other state employees assault Josiah Turner at the depot in Raleigh.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

March 31

NC state board of ed sells 4000 shares of Wilm & Weldon, 2000 shares of Wilm & Manchester (to be Wilm, Col & Aug) to WT Walters of Baltimore, later of Southern Railway Security Co. Approved by WW Holden on 12 April.

Stover, 73.

1869

March

Governor Holden of NC sends Capt. Bosher’s NC militia to occupy Alamance County.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

Apr. 6

attempt to assassinate Josiah Turner, Jr. editor of Raleigh Sentinel, at Sentinel office

George R Kimball to WWH, Holden Pp?, 15 apr1869

1869

Apr 10

Congress allows VA MS & TX to be readmitted, provided they approve the 15th amendment (universal suffrage)

Edward McPherson, "Pol Hist," 408-9.

1869

Apr 10

NC Legislature makes it a felony punishable by 5-10 years to use a deadly weapon.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

Apr 12

"Painting Act" passes in NC - makes wearing a disguise a felony.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

Apr 12

Act in Regard to Townships passes in NC. Establishes that on first Thursday in August (the 5^th) that a Board of Trustees will be established, with 2 justices of the Peace and a Clerk. Also a Constable elected. Towns will have 2 jps for each ward - if no wards then 1 jp for each add’l 500 people.

Gboro Patriot, 27 May 1869

1869

Apr 15

School house at Company Shops is burned, destroying all books and furniture.

Gboro Pat, 22 Apr 1869

1869

Apr [15]

Thomas Gray takes John W. Long with him to burn down the school house of Mr. Meder in Co. Shops, a white Northerner who teaches white children during the day and black children at night. The school house is owned by Daniel Worth, a conservative and friend of Josiah Turner.

Holden message, 182. (On Worth see Gbor Pat, 25 Feb 1869)

1869

May 11

Tourgee writes to Holden to tell him that his plan to stop pmt on certain rr bonds approved by the leg. makes sense.

Price, 556.

1869

June 28

Gov. Bullock of GA leases penitentiary to Grant, Alexander and Co. By 1-1-1870 393 convicts working on several rrs. Grant, Alexander & Co pay nothing but promise to treat convicts humanely and pay all expenses in 'receiving, control and management, and discharge'(104)

Duncan, Entrep, 104.

1869

June

NC Gov. Holden sends Capt. Bosher & militia to Jones & Lenoir counties. also Wake.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

July 6

Gubernatorial Election in Va shows triumph of coalition of Washington-connected "True Repubs" and Conservatives. GC Walker ("True Republican" Carpetbagger) defeats incumbent Wells ("Regular Republican" supporter of black suffrage). Voting, mostly along race lines.

Lowe, 148-55, 170-82

1869

July 8

Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta formed from consolidation of Charlote & SC with Columbia & Augusta. (Is friendly to Buford)

Stover, 113-4. (grt 60)

1869

July 10

US army arrives in Milledgeville to prevent rr contractor Alexander of Grant, Alexander & Co 'from making distinction in treatment of white & black convicts'

Duncan, Entrep, 105.

1869

July 9

WA Smith attacks the Republican Party of NC at NCRR annual meeting for giving too much to other rrs.

Trelease, 290

1869

before July 28

Wash and Nelse Morrow, sons of old Jeff Morrow, (black) burn down the barns of William Jones, Franklin Miner, & Jesse Morrow (white). Burning was retaliation for Jones’ eviction of old Jeff Morrow in the winter of 1868/69. Order for eviction had been carried out by Franklin Miner and Jesse Morrow among others. Two men named Morrow -- Jeff and Dan -- would later be hanged by the White Brotherhood.

Hillsborough Recorder, 28 July 1869. For hanging, Tourg pap, r 10 1541; names in r 10 1542.

1869

July

NCRR votes against consolidation w/ A&NC. WA Smith calls it attempt to force freight & passengers "out of their natural channel, or to inferior ports..."

Brown, State Mvmt, 162

1869

Summer

Wm H S Sweet, ed of New Bern Times breaks with WW Holden

Price, 558-9

1869

Aug 5

NC - Township elections for Justices of the Peace & Clerks.

Gboro Patriot, 27 May 1869

1869

late Sep

GC Walker (Conservative-True Repub coalition candidate) inaugurated as Va's Governor. Regular Repubs call it "a Confederate triumph"

Lowe, 179-80.

1869

October

WW Holden threatens to declare Lenoir, Jones, Orange & Chatham in a state of insurrection.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

October 8

Va's General Assembly passes 14th & 15^th amendment. The only action they're allowed to take until VA is readmitted.

Lowe, 179

1869

before Oct 13

‘negro meeting’ broken up in Mebanesville, Alamance County by the Klan.

Hillsboro Rec, 13 Oct 1869

1869

before Oct 19

Raleigh & Gaston proposes leasing NCRR, offering 6% on capital stock -- $240,000 per year. Opposed by NC Standard because net earnings last year were $300k. Std says it "is an attack on the whole people of the state" to make NCRR "the great through route for Southern freight and travel" because another road is being built from Raleigh to SC, NCRR will become just a feeder. "The matter once settled in their favor, up will go the freights and passenger tariffs, and a large portion of the people of the State, together with the traveling public, and those who ship freight, will be at the mercy of this iniquitous combination." On 20 Oct., WA Smith gives it his endorsement, saying it will send stock from old standard of 25 on the dollar to 70. says stock has risen to 50 just on the "mere report of such a contract having been made." G’boro Patriot agrees that lease "will create one of the most grinding and oppressive monopolies that has ever existed in this or any other State."

G’boro Patriot, 28 oct 1869 quoting NC Std of 19 Oct?

1869

October 20

WW Holden declares that NC counties lenoir, jones (along Atlantic & NC rr - near Kinston), orange (on NCRR) & chatham (below Orange) are in a state of "insubordination and insurrection".

3d annual msg, Holden papers, NCDA&H. G’boro Patriot, 28 oct 69.

1869

October 30

Holden declares in an unsigned (but later acknowledged) note in the Standard that his declaration’s effect would be ‘to suspend all civil law as it was suspended in 1865.’

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

Nov 11

At NCRR stockholders mtg in Raleigh, Alexander K. McClure (PARR agent) offers $265k per year for lease of NCRR, beating R&G's offer of $240k per year. Mtg ends with indefinite postponement of decision to lease. Richard C. Badger, state proxy, says he was instructed to oppose lease by Holden. Holden confirms this.

Trelease, 311-2

1869

Nov 15

NC leg meets. Repubs split on rr issues

Price, 559

1869

Nov 16

WW Holden asks gen assy to strengthen militia law as "many good citizens are in a constant state of terror". Suggests that it "would not be advisable to employ colored militia only" in Caswell and Alamance. will be Shoffner act of Jan 29 1870.

Harris, Holden, 282.White Terror, 209.

1869

Nov 26

Alonzo Corliss, schoolteacher taken from his house in Alamance county and "brutally beaten and scourged"

3d annual msg, Holden papers, NCDA&H

1869

Nov 26

ETV&G org - consolidation of ETN&VA (chartered '49 open '55) ETN&GA (opened '56)

stover 114

1869

Nov 27

Rutherford Star breaks with Holden

Price, 559

1869

Nov

WA Smith, pres of NCRR, advocates private control of the co to William A. Graham saying "the road has allways been controlled by party and as long as it is, it will be impossible for it to pay the stockholders long at a time"

Trelease, 288

1869

Dec 2

Crippled Quaker teacher Alonzo Corliss of Co. Shops, Alamance County is beaten, whipped and ordered to leave the state within 10 days.

Holden Message, 10-11.

1869

Dec 6

President Grant recommends that Congress reconvene the GA legislature with its original members and require them to take the Reconstruction oaths. designed to reinstate ousted black members and temporarily restore military rule. This was the course desired by Bullock and opposed by Centrist Republicans.

Duncan, Entrep, 93.

1869

Dec 6-17

WA Smith battles with Repubs in NC Gen Assy. he claims it lacks men of property & character. State Senator Galloway of Wilmington offers resolution asking Gov. to remove Smith as director, as he has gone over to the enemy.

Trelease, 290

1869

Dec 16

Holden gives a special message, asking for amendments to the militia law.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

Dec 16

TM Shoffner, Repub Senator from Alamance County, introduces bill for stronger militia.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

Dec 16

amendment to Shoffner bill proposed in HR that military should be subordinate to civil power, uses lang of constitution. amendment voted down.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1869

Dec 22

GA: Grant signs legislation recalling 1868 legislature & purged of those who can’t take the test oath or show removal of disability. state has to ratify 15^th amendment & cannot exclude any race. Troops can be dispatched if Gov. requests them. Bullock will convene on 9 Jan 1870.

Currie-McDaniel, 107.

1869

~Dec. 25

Martin G. Blalock, lame Confederate soldier who was employed to run a grog shop in Hillsboro, is killed by two men. men are later hanged before 6 Apr. 1870.

Superior Ct Records, Tourg pap, r 10 I1578; Hillsboro Recorder, 6 apr. 1870

1869?

Buford threatens NCRR w/ parallel line to Charlotte

grt 60

1869

NCRR rebuffs R&G offer to lease the road for $240,000 per year

Stover, 110

1869

Atlanta & Richmond Air-Line chartered in NC, SC & GA. AS Buford is pres. Const. begins immediately, finishes Sep 1873

Stover, 112-3.

1870

about Jan 1

indignation meeting held in Alamance, to protest Shoffner’s bill. Chaired by James E. Boyd, afterwards shown to be in the Klan.

Trial of Holden, 421.

1870

Jan 9

Gov. Bullock reconvenes legislature.

Currie-McDaniel, 107.

1870

Jan 10

Gov Bullock asks Grant to have onsite cmdr Meade replaced with General Terry. approved by Grant.

Duncan, Entrep, 95.

1870

Jan 26

US Grant signs bill admitting Virginia into Congress.

Lowe, 181

1870

Jan 29

NC gen assy passes "An Act to Secure the Better Protection of Life and Property", known as Shoffner Act. allows Holden to declare a county in state of insurrection & call upon state militia if civil authorities can't protect citizens.

Massengill, 475.

1870

Jan

Memphis Appeal is incorporated as Memphis Appeal Publishing Co, with 30 stockholders. MC Gallaway as ???. Keating & White as co-editors.

Baker, Memphis Comm App, 123-4

1870

Feb 1

After purge of GA's General Assembly, Bullock now has working majority in both houses.

Duncan, Entrep, 96.

1870

Feb 5

Freight contract signed among NCRR, R&G, Seaboard & Roanoke, BSP Co and Old Dominion Steamship Co.

ABA, 27 July 1872

1870

before Feb 24

15th amendment ratified. Last state is Georgia. Conservative Gboro Patriot says "we do not recollect to have heard or seen, any one person or paper, who rejoices at the forcing of the amendment into the constitution, in the way it has been accomplished, who is not a northern man by birth, and a bitter Radical in politics..." Elizabeth North Carolinian says GA has the honor of ‘capping the edifice of liberty with granite of suffrage.’

24 feb 1869

1870

Feb 27

Wyatt Outlaw hung by a "gang of about one hundred" in the courthouse square in Graham, NC on Saturday night. (sunday morning is the 27th)

3d annual msg, Holden papers, NCDA&H; quote from Hayman, below.

1870

Feb. 28

"the next day, the holy Sabbath, the people passed by the hanging body on their way to church paying no attention to it. Worshipped God with great devotion. The minister was so absorbed in contemplating the sacrifice on Calvary that he could not think of the poor soul that had left for its Maker the night before. Along in the afternoon, after the wrship was concluded, two or three men were found with nerve and pluck enough (for the Ku Klux had threatened the same fate to any one who dared to do it) to cut the poor man down."

Tourgee scrapbook, speech of Tourgee [1872?]

1870

winter

SC votes on consolidation of Greenville and Columbia rr with Blue Ridge rr. Conservative leg. Joel Foster of Spartanburg says there was corruption involved. bill originally provides that the rr will have exclusive rights to mine phosphates in SC.

kkk, sc, 811, 828

1870

~March 1

a company (60-70) of federal troops arrives in Graham. They do not leave until the militia leaves.

Trial of Holden, 706.

1870

March 3

Col. SB Hayman of Raleigh and his detachment sent into Graham. finds loyal people "in a high state of excitement owing to recent and threatened outrages"

Hayman to Holden, Holden pp?, 4mar1870

1870

March 4-7

WW Holden commissions Pride Jones (Hillsborough, Orange County democrat) to attempt to end Klan operations in Orange county. Holden gives him a captains commision in the 45th regt. Orange Militia. Holden says that if they disband & commit no further offenses, he won't hold them responsible. Jones responds that he can have influence in Alamance, but that troops will only inflame Alamance.

KKK hearings, NC, 1-8

1870

March 7

WW Holden declares NC county of Alamance in a state of "insubordination and insurrection" and sends 40 federal troops.

3d annual msg, Holden papers, NCDA&H; Harris, Holden, 284.

1870

March 7

Judge Tourgee refuses to hold court.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Mar 8

Governor’s message to the VA Genl Assy says that state’s interest in stock should be sold.

Va, house, "Sale of State’s Interest", 48-9.

1870

Mar 10

WW Holden sends an appeal to President Grant for aid "in repressing these outrages and in restoring peace and good order"

Harris, Holden, 284

1870

Mar 14

Holden writes to members of Congress: ‘I have called on the President for aid, but he is restricted by the right of the writ of habeas corpus - We want military tribunals by which assassins and murders can be summarily tried and shot. We can not have these tribunals unless the President is authorized to suspend the habeas corpus in certain localities.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Mar 17

Holden writes to US senator Abbot "We have Federal troops, but we want the power to act. Is it possible the government will abandon the loyal people, to be whipped and hanged. the habeas corpus should be at once suspended.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

before Mar 18

WA Smith takes over as editor of NC Standard

Rutherford Star, 19 mar 1870.

1870

before Mar 18. after mar 7?

Canby sends 2 cos. of troops to insurrectionary districts of NC. remains until the end of April.

NC Standard, 21mar1870; Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Spring

Conservative lawyer Robert W. Shand says that it stops being quiet in Unionville. reason: black and white legislators return from Columbia and "commenced organizing their Union Leagues"

kkk, sc, 969

1870

Mar 19

Richmond: Ellyson’s police arrested & disarmed by opposition police. balance took refuge in station house at noon.

NC Standard, 21mar1870

1870

Mar 25

rr lobbying strong "The following gentlemen were on the floor of the House to day - many in violation of the rules: Ex-Governor Fletcher; Generals Terry, Craig and Dodge; Colonels Cass and Able; Messrs. Ames and Crates and Ex-Secretary Upsher.

NC Std 26 mar 1870

1870

Mar 28

In Congress, Mr. McKenzie introduced bill to incorp. the Southern Transcontinental RR.

NC Std, 29 mar 1870

1870

before April

Junius Morgan, JP Morgan & Drexel agree to join forces. JP adds condition that he needs 15 month vacation. Drexel, Morgan will open its doors on 1 July 1871.

H. of Morg, 34.

1870

Apr 7

Pennsylvania Corporation organized. first pure holding co. authorized to hold stocks of other roads. Tom Scott is Pres.

JET, 150; Dillavou,"Desi. Lgl. Chgs" Acctg Rv 44; "Org & Charter SRSC"p19.

1870

Apr 13

Senator Abbot makes a speech advocating Drake’s amendment (to allow pres to suspend habeas corpus?)

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

May 9

announcement, supposedly from Alderman of Merchants of the Berlin Bourse, suggesting that unsound American bonds may be marketed soon. Avoid bonds not guaranteed by US govt. Perhaps re Jay Cooke's Northern Pacific.

Adler, 76

1870

May 31

1st enforcement act passed by Congress

Coulter, S During Recon, 170

1870

May-Oct

Governor Scott sends rifles to militias, some with black members, in the months before the October election.

kkk, sc, 466, 468

1870

June

Amos T. Akerman joins US Grant’s cabinet.

Currie-McDaniel, 112.

1870

June

Grand jury convenes in Alamance. Superior court is always held in June. Foreman is James G. Moore. He doesn’t call for investigation into murder of Outlaw or Puryear or for whipping of Corliss. Tells the black member from Graham that he must request a hearing and suggest witnesses if it is to be done.

Trial of Holden, 654-6.

1870

before June 16?

first 20 miles of Georgia Air Line is apparently completed, though perhaps not fully tracked.

Duncan, Entrep, 109.

1870

first week of June

meetings in the Governor’s office. agreed that a regular military force be raised under control of the Gov. someone swears that John Poll suggests a desperado named McLindsay who would raise a co that ‘would give Governor Holden no trouble, for that if any of the men arrested by him undertook any resistance, he would kill them or they would be lost never to be heard of again.’ Suggestion made to follow example of Clayton, gov of Arkansas where military courts had tried & executed men. WC Clarke was commissioned Colonel of 1st Regt. NC State troops & went to Washington to procure an outfit for his regt.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

June 11

Gov. threatens in the Standard "The Governor does not fear these fiends in human shape. If he is even personal menaced, his friends will resent it and punish the man or the men who may do it - if he is slain, or even wounded, it is already determined that leading Democrats and Conservatives who might be named will be instantly put to death. The Governor’s mind is made up.’

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

June 12

Census being taken in Alamance County, NC

US Census

1870

June 16

Gov. Bullock 'reluctantly' endorses 240k of Georgia Air Line bonds, saying that law has not been 'fully complied with' in the construction of these first 20 miles.

Duncan, Entrep, 109

1870

June 17

Mahone's consolidation passes both houses in VA.

VA during Recon, 248-9.

1870

before June 21

Kirk, appted by Holden as col. of 2d regt., has ad printed for recruits. asks for union men in general a ‘soldiers of the NC 2nd and 3rd Federal troops’ (whom Dems call bushwhackers under Kirk). Dems say that sworn testimony calls him a ‘desperate, merciless, criminal, violent, cruel man, a plunderer, guilty of many outrageous deeds and murders.’

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

June 21

Col. Kirk ordered to rendezvous with his regiment at Morganton.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

June 28

Georgia Air-Line railroad and the Air-Line railroad in South Carolina consolidate under the name Atlanta and Richmond Air-Line Railway Company. Will have president and 12 directors. President is AS Buford. General A. Austell is first vp. RY McAden of Charlotte is second vp. "The clouds which hovered over this important work have dissipated, a contract having been made with an experienced and energetic contracor of New York, Mr. P.P. Dickinson, to complete the whole line from Charlotte to Atlanta in two years."

Richmond Dispatch 4 July 1870.

1870

summer

work on air line (Charlotte to Gainesville GA) begun from Charlotte to Spartanburg.

Carolina Spartan 1 June 1871

1870

July

Georgia readmitted again

Currie-McDaniel, 112.

1870

July 8

Holden declares Caswell county in a state of insurreciton.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

July 8

Col. Kirk is ordered to Company Shops, NC

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

July 11

State Retrenchment: Va assembly allows Va rrs to buy their own stock held in the Va treasury in exchange for equivalent in State bonds. 3/5th of R&D is up for grabs. (July was date for R&D. Overall leg was June & July 1870 & March 1871)

Harrison, 93-4 (Stover, 105)

1870

July 11

Pres & BoD of R&D authorize any "contract it may deem judicious in promoting a connection business"

agreemt btw r&d & Atl & Charlotte air-line (1881), 1-2

1870

July 12

James E. Boyd of Alamance arrested by Col. Bergen.

kkk papers, Duke, Boyd testimony

1870

July 13

Col. Kirk ordered to Yanceyville, Caswell County, NC.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

July 13

night. attempt made to assassinate Mrs. Turner.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

July 15

Adolphus G. Moore is arrested at the house of Thomas M. Holt, 2 miles east of Graham.

Trial of Holden, 627.

1870

July 15

arrest of citizens in Alamance & Caswell county.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

July 16

Four of the men arrested by Holden sue out writs of habeas corpus. Chief Justice Pearson issues the writs.

H. Exec. Doc, 41 Cong 3d sess, #16, 10 (Grant msg). Daily Std, 18 Jul 1870; Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

July 16

Kirk refuses to obey writs. returned with message ‘such things had played out’

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

July 17

Holden writes to Kirk, suggesting more arrests - lists to be furnished to the Judge Advocate. court to assemble Monday 25 July. allegedly letter talks about keeping votes.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

July 18

Chief Justice Pearson writes Holden asking if Kirk’s arrests & imprisonments were under his orders. Next day, Holden says Kirk is his subordinate officer acting under his orders. Pearson declares that "the power of the Judiciary is exhausted."

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

July 20

Holden asks US Grant for a regiment of Federal troops to aid him.

Grant msg, 10

1870

before July 28

Pearson apparently concedes that Holden can repress insurrection, but that he must try Klan suspects in open court.

"Judge Pearson’s Decision" Gboro Pat, 28 July 1870.

1870

July 23

Holden, as head of state exec. cmte telegraphs John Forney saying that Pearson "substantially sustains the state Government and refuses to interfere."

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

July 28

Holden writes to Kirk saying that ‘on account of the pending election, to postpone the Court Martial until the 8th August.’

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Aug 3

Holden writes to Kirk asking for names to add to a military court.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Aug 5

Josiah Turner, Jr, arrested in Orange county (tho’ Orange not in insurrection) carried to Kirk at Yanceyville and then Alamance ‘and confined in a loathsome dungeon with a negro felon condemned to death.’

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Aug 6

George W Brooks, Judge of Fed court for District of NC, on petition of Turner, issues writ of habeas corpus to Kirk.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Aug 7

Holden telegraphs Grant, saying he’ll hold the troops unless Grant commnads army to demand them. referred to Atty Gen. Akerman

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Aug 8

Akerman reports "I don’t see how the US district Judge can refuse to issue the writ if the prisoner makes out a case for it under habeas corpus act of 1867. I advise that the State authorities yield to the United State Judiciary.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Aug 11

Gov. Holden orders Col. Kirk to parolehis prisoners.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Aug 15

John Neathery goes to home of Chief Justice in Richmond Hill to have him return.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Aug 18

Chief Justice ready to receive Col Kirk; he discharges them at 10 am on Aug 19. Judge Brooks already discharging them at Salisbury.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Aug 19

Klan suspects in Alamance are brought before Judge Brooks at Salisbury, where they are released.

Trial of Holden, 704.

1870

Aug 22-30

Testimony of Alamance Klansmen taken "at chambers, Raleigh...before Chief Justice Pearson and Justice Dick"

Holden, 3d annl msg, 91 ff

1870

Sep

NY Cotton Exchange opens its doors

Matthew B. Hammond, The Cotton Industry, 301; Rothstein, says 1870 Lipartito says 1871

1870

Sep 6

resolution introduced in GA house to return all convicts to a central penitentiary under state control

Taylor "origin" GHQ 26, 115

1870

Sep 22

Wm. R. Howle begins work on a railroad construction contract in Chatham county (south of Alamance & Orange). for railroad from Raleigh to Cheraw, SC. /must be Raleigh & Augusta./

kkk hearings, NC, 51,69

1870

Oct 24

Bullock allowed to lease W&A

?

1870

Oct/Nov

Many Klan outrages in Spartanburg area. covered in Klan report. earlier surge after nov 1868 election.

kkk hearings, sc, 104-5

1870

3? Nov.

gubernatorial election in NC between Manning & WW Holden.

kkk hearings, NC, 51

1870

before Nov

Postmaster at Co. Shops compelled to leave town. armed men visit his house.

3d annual msg, Holden papers, NCDA&H

1870

Dec

Southern Security group (Scott, Simon Cameron, HB Plant, Wm T Walters), before organizing, get lease of Western and Atlantic from GA

Stover, 104.

1870

Dec

Josiah Turner gives speech before election "with regard to negroes" in Alamance.

"Condition of Affairs," 83.

1870

Dec 3

Thomas Black aka Thomas Rountree shot & throat cut.

Ford, "One Southern Profile," 110. cites kkk, sc, 1544.

1870

Dec 9

Judiciary Cmte of NC House of Representatives reports, calling for the impeachment of Holden.

Trial of Holden, 1

1870

Dec 15

cmte of HR appears at bar of Senate of NC, impeaching Gov. Holden.

Gboro Pat, 6 June 1872

1870

Dec 20-22

GA elections for legislature

Duncan, Entrep, 131

1870

Dec 23

Impeachment trial begins for WW Holden

Trial of Holden, 18-9.

1870

Dec 24

Special election held in Alamance. Conservatives claim that people have to vote in their districts, not at the court house where most freed men voted. Freed men who arrived were turned away and couldn’t make it back in time to vote.

Senate Outrage Report, 38.

1870

Dec 25

Deadline for bids for W&A Railroad.

Duncan, Entrep, 116.

1870

Dec 26

Christmas meeting in Kimball house between Brown group and Hill group.

1870

Dec 27

After letting it be known that he wanted a consolidated bid, Bullock awards bid to consolidation of Brown group and Hill group.

Duncan, Entrep, 116.

1871

Jan 12

Message from Pres. Grant says there have been many ‘rebel outrages’ in NC from 1867 to 1870

NY Daily Tribune, 3 Feb 1880.

1871

Jan18

PRR finance cmte recommends that PRR gives up leases & rr stock for lines west of PA to PA Company in exchange for 67% of preferred stock in the company "to secure the greatest possible efficiency in the management and control of the lines of railway...west of Pittsburgh" approved Feb 1.

PRR, BoD minutes, v5, 440-2.

1871

Feb 1

PRR buys into PA Corporation

JET, 150.

1871

Feb 28

2d Enforcement act passed in Congress

Coulter, S During Recon, 170

1871

March 1

Governor Scott of SC has conference w/ leading democrats, including Gabriel Cannon & WK Easley, about stopping the violence in SC. They recommend disarming the black militia.

kkk, SC, 106-7

1871

March (1)

VA gov signs charter of Wash & Richmond RR, which threatens Alex. & Fredericksburg. Will have control by late fall of 1871.

Stover, 105

1871

March 6

Carnegie sells J Edgar Thomson's stock in Union Pacific, after having it placed in trust to him as a way of extending PARR empire west. First big difference btw Scott & Carnegie.

Wall, Carnegie, 286-9.

1871

March 6

murder of black militia leader Jim Williams aka Jim Rainey in York County, SC

Lacy Ford, "One Southern Profile," ii-iii, 112; kkk, sc, 1365

1871

before March 16

"Governor Scott, of South Carolina, after conference with leading citizens of Chester and York counties, has disarmed the negro militia and all is quiet"

Jrnl of Commerce 16 mar 1871. in USGrant papers, m9793, reel 31

1871

Mar 16

US senate removes Sumner from Chairmanship of Cmte of Foreign Relations, replaced by Cameron. apparently b/c Sumner opposes Grant's policy on San Domingo. claim is made by Pitt Commercial

Grant Papers, p. 165 reel 31. p 25.

1871

Mar 18

"Georgia negroes memorialize the Senate, saying they are denied redress by the courts, and mobbed for claiming their rights."

NYDaily Tribune, 3 Feb 1880.

1871

March 18

Closing arguments proceeding for the trial of Holden.

Trial of Holden, 2367.

1871

Mar 18

In NC Senate, "Republican Senators are unseated till the rebels have two-thirds, and then the Governor is removed for doing his duty.The ‘Strong Man’ [Pres. Grant] has nothing to say."

NY Daily Tribune, 3 Feb. 1880.

1871

before March 20

Klansmen circulate report that Chester Union League was planning an attack Fort Mills to butcher white inhabitants

kkk, sc, 38

1871

March 22

SRSecCo organized as Overland Contract Co., 1st important pure holding Co

grt 61. Stover 104. "org & charter of SRSC",14.

1871

March 22